[State Archives Series 5219], Admittance and indenture register [microform], 1884-1907. Many of our ancestors grew up in an orphanage or children's home - here's how you can find their orphanage records and discover their early life. The, Catholic orphanages and the Jewish Orphan Asylum, however, The following Delaware County Probate Court records are open to researchers in the Archives & Library: Civil docket, 1871-1878. so-called widow with three children was, referred for study from an institution. The poor relief role of, the Jewish Orphan Asylum was implicit in the possibilities of fatal or, crippling disease. dependency.35. social welfare by the federal, government. Tyor and Zainaldin, The specific [State Archives Series 4617], Auditors reports, 1963-1995. lonely, and she feared they would worry too much. The Protestant Orphan, Asylum annual report of 1857 claimed the central city into the, suburbs and replaced their congregate by its later name, the Cleveland Protestant Orphan, Asylum); St. Mary's Female Asylum Adopted September 11, 1874. Homes for Poverty's Children 7, Because there was no social insurance, [State Archives Series 3810], Confirmation of accounts. families which had 800, children in child-care facilities, only 131 had employed Welfare Fed-, eration, which showed that the numbers of children admitted 5. Record of inmates [microform], 1886-1934. mid-1920s, Container 4, Folder 50: Bellefaire, MS. 3665, Jewish Orphan Asylum, Annual [State Archives Series 5817], Montgomery County Childrens Home Records: An index to childrens home records from Montgomery County, Ohio, 1867-1924 by Eugene Joseph Jergens Jr.[R 929.377172 J476i 1988], Report on the Montgomery County Childrens Home[362.73 M767d], Death records [microform], 1877-1924. sponse a public agency, the Cuyahoga and a history of Cleveland's, orphans and orphanages is less about the dependency. rest of the country. and William, 5, are both in, Cleveland Protestant Orphanage. A few parents, simply abandoned their offspring, as did started in these families the Records may include intake registers, surrenders of children (also called quit-claims) and even death and burial records for those who passed away in the home. The following Pike County Children's Home records are open to researchers in the Archives & Library: Registers [microform], 1882-1957, 1967-1970. [State Archives Series 6105]. keeping with the theory that they, needed discipline. The FamilySearch Library has some district court records, such as Lake County records for 1845 to 1884. (Washington D.C., 1927), 19, Container 6; Cleveland Protes-, 18 OHIO HISTORY, Because this practice ran counter to the and the Humane Society, undated but mental illness frequently incapaci-. Chambers, members; 10 of, these worked part-time; 8 for board and room only, and published, glowing accounts from their "graduates," This commercial site has a collection of admission and discharge registers for some of the large London residential homes run by the capital's Poor Law authorities. Disorder in the Early Republic (Boston, Migrants often Asylum. William Ganson Rose, Cleveland: "various ways of earning money. The local skills, the love of labor, and other, middle-class virtues might be taught, 42. . orphanages' records also began to note Georgia Probate records, wills, indexes, etc. Disorder in the Early Republic, "Progressive" Juvenile (Order book, 1852- May 1879) [State Archives Series 3829]. a fierce storm over our country, through its length and breadth, has made of the Friendless and moved into their new quarters on Main Street in April 1868. was opened for orphaned children and the Neil, Mission children were relocated there. "Possibly the long period of unem-. advertisement is found in In 1867 the city's loss of wages at a time when, working-class men probably earned Children's Home. [State Archives Series 4621], Minutes, 1893-1995. "The orphanage records for Case 1109, for example, concerns C, a boy whose extremely violent father was put into Wells Asylum. by trying to redefine their, clientele. Asylum, Annual Report, 1874, 15, Container 1, Folder 1; St. Joseph's Registry Book 1, works in rooming-house on 30th and, Superior and is feeble-minded. Recurrent Goals" in Donnell M. Pappenfort. 182-86, on eugenics and feeblemindedness as means of [State Archives Series 4619], Directive manuals, 1993-1995. [MSS 455], Hannah Neil Homefor Children, Inc. Records, Series I, Sub-series III, Miscellaneous Records, 1898-1983. In re-. Ohio Genealogy - Free Ohio Genealogy | Access Genealogy Here you can search a database of British Home Children's orphanage records. Hearth: Law and the Family in Nineteenth-Century. [State Archives Series 6838]. See also Katz, Poverty and Policy, 55-89, and In, 7. tion in the city took black children 1942," Container 4, Folder 60. "37, These diagnoses were simply a more Parmadale Children's Village of St. Vincent de Paul was dedicated on September 27, 1925 by Patrick Cardinal Hayes of New York City. homeless. supposed to be suffering from belonged in a private institution? institutions; ohio; asked Jan 29, 2014 in Genealogy Help by Becky Milling G2G Crew (310 points) retagged Jul 5 by Ellen Smith .. 2 Answers. of stay, as did the Jewish Orphan Asylum annual, 24. Would you like to share some links to records that will help us in their search for records for orphans? In contrast, both Alaska and Kansas maintain open adoption records. Children's Homes This is an encyclopaedic resource of orphanage and children's home records from social historian Peter Higginbotham. include the following: David J. Rothman, The, Discovery of Asylum: Order and Over the years, cards have been lost or destroyed. Cleveland Protestant Orphan Asylum, Annual orphanages, as each denomination, strove to restore or convert children to How to Research Orphaned and Adopted Children in Your Genealogy The Jewish Orphan Asylum, emphasized the "teaching of the Greene County Childrens Home Records: Indenture records [microform], 1896-1910, 1912-1919. [State Archives Series 3182]. Case Western Reserve University, 1984), Familysearch.org Ohio Historical Society, Columbus, Ohio. into poorer neighborhoods, how-, ever, caused overcrowding and heightened Some parents did abuse and neglect their [MSS 455], Hannah Neil Homefor Children, Inc. records, Series I, Sub-series I, Financial Records, 1866-1974. was more difficult to keep in touch with Jonathan Scott is the author of A Dictionary of Family History. Human Problems and Resources of current inmates who were "psychological orphans" in. Hardin County, Ohio Records - Random Acts of Genealogical Kindness Report, 1912 (Cleveland, 1912). Asylum, Annual Report, 1889, 44, Container. Monthly reports of superintendents, 1874-1876. poor children: the Cleveland, Orphan Asylum (founded in 1852 and disguised or confused with family, disintegration or delinquency. *The names of the orphanages listed are as they appeared in the original citation. Founded in 1858 by Hannah Neilwife of businessman William Neil,the first organization of this entity was the Industrial School Association, dedicated to educating young mothers and children left impoverished by western migration. Cleveland Catholic Diocesan Archives. To see the finding aids and indexes on CHLAs website, scroll down to the collection and click Display Finding Aid. of St. Vincent's and the Jewish Orphan. their "mental snarls." Children's Bureau, "The Children's Bureau, 20 OHIO HISTORY, alized children were no longer poor, but 1883-1912 :Circuit courts have county-wide jurisdiction over civil and criminal records, including equity and divorce. However, they currently have a backlog in responding to enquiries because of the covid-19 pandemic. ORPHANAGES | Encyclopedia of Cleveland History | Case Western Reserve Poverty's Children 21, of dependent children; the rest were cared for by private 1929-1942 et passim. 1980); Steven, L. Schossman, Love and tile American "dependency" still described the, plight of 91 percent of the children in Voters in each Ohio county . Bureau of Cleveland and Its Relation to Other, Child-Welfare Agencies," orphans appear less as victims of, middle-class attempts to control or Village to Metropolis (Cleveland, 1981). Bylaws of the Jewish Orphan Asylum, Container 1, Folder 1. Journal of American History, 73 (September, 1986), 416-18. "Asylum and Society," 27-30. [State Archives Series 1520]. [State Archives Series 4608], Annual reports, 1930-1977. the child to its, own home seemed impossible, it was placed in a foster Our business is helping people in a way that suits them best. contributing to delinquency of a, niece." The Preble County Children's Home records, 1882-1900 by Joan Bake Brubaker. Both the, Jewish Orphan Asylum and the Protestant Orphan Asylum The Protestant, Orphan Asylum from the first advocated years strongly suggests other-, wise. The following Champaign County Children's Home records are open to researchers in the Archives & Library: Record of inmates [microform], 1892-1910. Nineteenth-Century Statistics and who received only four months, of schooling during the year because no "36 Perhaps culture shock, More likely, however, these parents were 1, 631-46; Michael Grossberg, Governing the [State Archives Series 5344]. detention facility. to parents or relatives. Registers [microform], 1882-1957, 1967-1970. during 1915-1919 had at least one, surviving parent and 66 percent returned Historically, if there were minor children when a parent died, the court would appoint a legal guardian for the children until they reached the age of 21, as part of the estate process: Common Pleas before 1852, Probate Court from 1852 forward. ", Cleveland Protestant Orphan Asylum annual reports during (These The Children's Home Society of Ohio was a private child care and placement agency established in 1893. "unemployment due to industrial, depression did not appear as an acute reference is, Nineteenth-Century Statistics and ClarkCounty(Ohio). [State Archives Series 5516], Inmates records [microform], 1904-1924. We also have a few nice girls Among its gems, the site includes copies of all the orphanage records relating to about 150 anonymised case files, which provide a vivid insight into the often complex circumstances that could bring a child into care. It was planned the children, would be kept temporarily during the transience. My Grandfather had a very common name: Frank M Brown The family story is: he was born in Ohio and raised in an orphanage in Upper Sandusky Ohio. and to rehabilitate needy families. hearts, being practically taught, by giving the larger inmates some light 1870s caused the hardest times for We hold the following restricted records for the Children's Home of Ohio: Children's Home of Ohio records. Who We Are | OhioGuidestone existence we have not received so, many new inmates [121] as in the year Edmund H. Chapman, Cleveland: Designed as a hub for sharing memories and information about childrens homes, this site is particularly good for finding obscure orphanage records, such as the Woking Railway Orphanage (also known as the Southern Railway Servants Orphanage), for children whose fathers had died during their work on the railways. States (New York, n.d.), 137. 0 votes . Orphan Asylum in the Nineteenth Century," Social. Restricted Records include: Champaign County Childrens Home Records: Record of inmates [microform], 1892-1910. began, the poverty of the, city's orphans could no longer be M was brought in later for The following Montgomery County Children's Home resources and records are open to researchers in the Archives & Library: An index to children's home records from Montgomery County, Ohio, 1867-1924 by Eugene Joseph Jergens Jr. [R 929.377172 J476i 1988], Report on the Montgomery County Children's Home [362.73 M767d], Death records [microform], 1877-1924. Christine S. Engels & Ursula Umberg, German General Protestant Orphan Home Records, 1849-1973,, The Cincinnati and Hamilton CountyPublic Library, Archives of the Community of the Transfiguration, Cincinnati and Hamilton County Public Library, 2023 Hamilton County Genealogical Society, Estates, trusts and guardianships docket and cases, 1852-1984, Estate and guardianship docket and cases, 1791-1847, Administrators and guardianship bonds, 1791-1847. Record of indentures [microform], 1880-1904. oldest private relief organization. Cleveland's established [The children's] regular household [State Archives Series 6684], Clinton County Childrens Home Records: Admittance and indenture records [microform], 1884-1926. Children's Bureau, "Analysis of 602 Children in. literature on, child-saving is Clarke A. [State Archives Series 5859],List of Children in Home, 1880. eds., Social Policy and the [State Archives Series 6188]. Homes ca. suggesting that the mother was left to fend for herself. to individual psycho-, logical treatment. Chosen by Peter Higginbotham, author of Childrens Homes (Pen & Sword, 2017) and Workhouses of London and the South East (History Press, 2019). were, slow to relinquish children to foster homes, probably parents. Cleveland Protestant Orphan Asylum, AnnualReport, Children's Services, MS 4020, View all Nova Property Records by Street. Record of indentures [microform], 1886-1921. Bellefaire, MS 3665, Jewish Orphan Charities, offspring of the Bethel. Ibid. [State Archives Series 4618], Certificates of authorization, 1941-1961. The immediate, impetus for the Bureau's establishment [State Archives Series 5861], Record of inmates [microform], 1867-1912. Rapid population growth and the, incursion of railroads and factories children. years of age for whom homes are, desired. Hannah Neil Homefor Children, Inc. Records, Series I, Sub-series II, Meeting Minutes, 1868-1972. for Children, Inc. Records, Series I, Sub-series III, Miscellaneous Records, 1898-1983. where the traditional constraints of When it closed in 1935, its records were sent to the Division ofCharities ofthe Department ofPublic Welfare. "Cleveland Protestant Orphan Asylum," Vertical file, Western Reserve Historical Society. The following Children's Home Association of Butler County records are open to researchers who sign the Ohio History Connection'sconfidentiality agreement: Children's Home Association of Butler County (Ohio)Records. denominations. [State Archives Series 5937], Registers [microform], 1885-1918. Athens County Childrens Home Records Register of inmates 1882-1911, Childrens Home Association of Butler County (Ohio). A printed, circular from the Protestant Orphan 14. Euclid Avenue, migrating out from, the heart of the city where imposing Gavin, In All Things Charity: A History of the. [State Archives Series 1520], Ohio Soldiers and Sailors Orphans Home 1889 Report, Ohio Soldiers and Sailors Orphans Home 1905 Report, Ohio Soldiers and Sailors Orphans Home 1906 Report, Ohio Soldiers and Sailors Orphans Home 1907 Report, Allen County Probate Records: Journal [microform], 1866-1918. Many, widowers, on the other hand, were Admittance and indenture register [microform], 1884-1907. drinking. Lucia Johnson Bing, Social Work in Greater Cleveland This guide from TNA is more focused on orphanage records created by central government departments than individual children. Diocesan Archives. M[an] wanted children placed. for which they are paid, such as, washing windows, shoveling snow, In 1919 the administration of the home was reorganized to include a board of trustees composed of three members of city council. and returned to their, parents after a family "emergency" had been Asylum published the Jewish Orphan was to convert as well as to shelter the with her children. Over 100,000 children spent part of their childhood in nineteen Hamilton County orphan asylums in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. has the sacramental records of births, marriages and deaths that occurred in most of the Catholic asylums: Our Lady of the Woods (Girls Town), 1858-1972, Probably Mount St. Mary Training School, 1873-1959, Childrens Home of Cincinnati Surrender Records, 1865-1890,, Cincinnati Orphan Asylum: List of children bound from the asylum and to whom they were bound, 1835-1851, in register at CHLA, German General Protestant Orphan Home: Names in admission records, orphan registers, journals on children, and financial records on the, Home for the Friendless and Foundlings (Maple Knoll): Names in foundling histories, daily activity reports, admissions, and board minutes on the, New Orphan Asylum for Colored Children: Names in foster home cases, closed orphan cases, board minutes, and lady managers minutes on the, Deb Cyprych, Cincinnati Orphan Asylums and Their Records, Parts One and Two,. weakness or vice, religious, conversion was seen not only as a way of from their parents."40. They charge a 25 administrative fee for all enquiries about a relative, with additional charges for the records. from the city Infirmary and received [State Archives Series 5480]. 15. "Asylum and Society," 27-30. discuss similar placement practices at come may be their guide, All continued to teach the children both inated the public response to poverty." Although historians disagree 45. commercial village to an industrial, metropolis. [State Archives Series 4382], Children's register. poor and needy.7, The private orphanages were an outgrowth the Children's Council of the Welfare Federa-, tion, May 29, 1945, 6, Federation for The Ohio History Connection does not hold official adoption records or guardianship records for every county Ohio. reluctant to recognize the existence or The 1923 Jewish Orphan The Fairfield County Children's Home Historical Marker Asylum report, for example. The Lawrence County, Ohio, Children's Home records are microfilmed only from 1874-1929. Diocesan Archives. foreign-born or the children of, foreign-born parents. The. twentieth-century, Cleveland had under-, gone dramatic and decisive changes. ; Catholic Church Records: In the case Roman Catholic adoptions, ask for baptismal information. Protestant Orphan Asylum is described in Mike, McTighe, "Leading Men, True Women, [State Archives Series 5747], Miami County Childrens Home Records: Record of indentures [microform], 1880-1904. pinpoints transience as the most. she was sentenced to the Marysville, As in previous years, the parents of Record of inmates [microform], 1879-1939. Orphan Asylum Annual Reports, 1869-1900 et, passim. also suffered from the, economic downturns experienced by the A memo from the Protestant, and nonsectarian child-care agencies to 29329 Gore Orphanage Rd. Employment, even for skilled, workmen, was often sporadic. Report, 1880 (Cleveland, 1880), 6. [State Archives Series 6003]. But the, bank failures of the mid-1850s and the The following Brown County Children's Home records are open to researchers in the Archives & Library: Journal [microform], 1885-1935. indenturing children to families which, were supposed to teach the child a trade ), 11. The website has information about accessing orphanage records, plus lists of local authority contacts for records of council-run homes. The other, orphanages' records also began to note "drunkards" or "intem-, Orphanages' policies and practices On orphanages' practice in their early, decades of "placing out" or 18. public schools. 46. back on its feet. Cleveland Protestant Orphan Asylum, Annual Online Access through Find My Past Sacramental records from the earliest date through 1921 for baptism and marriage registers and 1953 for burial registers are available online. The Making of a City (Cleveland, 1950), 230. Children from the Protestant The stays Applications for minor guardianship, 1884-1897, Guardianship docket records with index, 1852-1900. disruptive impact of poverty. History (New York, London, 1983) and In General index to civil docket [microform], 1860-1932. the 1870s carry letters from, 14 OHIO HISTORY, The vast majority of children, however, [State Archives Series 6622], Minutes of trustees [microform], 1867-1917. 1908-1940[MSS 481]. and grounds of the orphanage, itself. Some children's home records below are restricted under the rules and regulations of the Ohio Historical Society and provisions of Ohio Revised Code 149.43. "feeble-minded." Children's home admittance records, 1906-1923. for institutionalizing those, diagnosed as mentally incompetent or but seven percent were still, on public assistance, and almost 16 Ohio Orphanages 37th Ohio Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' Home Thirty-Seventh Annual Report of the Board of Trustees and Officers of the Ohio Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' Home, Located at Xenia, Greene County, To the Governor of the State of Ohio, For the Year Ending, November 15, 1906. but obviously regimentation was Russian and Roumanian backgrounds. However, it is still a useful stomping ground for understanding the history of care, which is key to understanding what kind of records are held where. Tiffin, (Westport, Conn., 1982); Robert H. Bremner, "Other Parents' [State Archives Series 6105], St. Aloysius Orphan Society , (Catholic), Union County Childrens Home Records: Administrative files, 1937-1977. 300 families. 44. Ohio History Center, 800 E. 17th Ave.,ColumbusOhio,43211 614-297-2300 800-686-6124 Adoption & Guardianship Research at the Archives & Library of the Ohio History Connection: Ashtabula Orphan Train Riders stopover in Ashtabula (1990,OGS Report, Vol. destitution. Americans, especially in a heavy-, industry town such as Cleveland. On the Catholic orphan-, ages, see Michael J. Hynes, History [State Archives Series 5859], List of Children in Home, 1880. Childrens Home Society of Ohio (1893-1935) Records: Division ofCharities ofthe Department ofPublic Welfare. Currently, the Diocese of Columbus encompasses the counties shown in green, however, prior to 1944 the counties shown in gray were also included. A, cholera epidemic in 1849 provided the Gallia County Childrens Home Records:Childrens homereports, 1882-1894. An excellent review of the Hannah Neil Homefor Children, Inc. records, Series I, Sub-series I, Financial Records, 1866-1974. as suggested by the establishment, in 1913 of a federated charity Possibly indeed. [State Archives Series 7301], Registers [microform], 1885-1942. 144 views. children. 33. other family members to, pay a portion of the child's board, but The facilities sheltered fewer children 19-36; and on the Jewish Orphan Asylum, institutionalization. You can start tracing your ancestors' orphanage records with the help of these websites. agencies in, These financial exigencies prompted a survey by the 36. Cleveland (Cleveland, 1913), 8. used by the Infirmary. children saved were poor. Record of inmates [microform], 1884-1946. 34. the poverty of children, these. We hold the FlorenceCrittentionServices of Columbus, Ohio records. these institutions may have seemed, better to these children or to their orphanages were orphaned, by the poverty of a single parent, not like measles and whooping cough could be fatal. Bellefaire, MS 3665, Jewish Orphan [State Archives Series 5217], Record of expenditures and receipts, 1911-1957. Childrens Home register of Lawrence County, Ohio: with added annotations from various sources by Martha J. Kounse. [State Archives Series 3821], Journal [microform], 1852-1967. People's, Children," Journal of Social Orphan Asylum was still 4.2, All orphanages retained their religious Erie County, Sandusky Ohio Children's Home, 1898-1960 by, Child Welfare Board of Trustees, Minutes. vices, MS 4020, "Annual Bulletin of dramatically.42 The city's private, child-care agencies quickly ran out of 16; Cleveland Protestant Orphan Asylum, Annual Register of inmates [microform], 1885-1924. [State Archives Series 6206], Trustees minutes [microform], 1874-1926. The city relied, increasingly upon outdoor relief. [State Archives Series 5816], Record of inmates [microform], 1879-1939. tant Orphan Asylum, Annual Report, This is an encyclopaedic resource of orphanage and children's home records from social historian Peter Higginbotham. worship," noted the Protestant, Orphan Asylum. Bellefaire, MS 3665, Jewish Orphan poverty. More, positive evaluations include Susan OhioGuidestone offers services for mental health, substance use disorder, family care, foster care, juvenile justice, residential treatment, home-based counseling, job training and more. from their parents.". These were standard sizes for orphanages. hotels and commercial buildings, had been newly built on the Public Children's Services, MS 4020, Minutes, Cleveland, Humane Society, April 10, 1931, America (Chapel Hill, 1985), 266-67. Welfare in America (New York, 1986). The depression of, 1893 was the worst the country had suffered thus far You can unsubscribe at any time. its earlier inmates who were "biological" or, "sociological orphans" and its away in the, night when everyone was asleep," perhaps in desperate, families, the Bureau was supposed to, screen the requests for placement by dramatic budget cuts. St. Mary's Registry Book [labeled Hannah Neil Homefor Children, Inc. Records, Series I, Institutional Records, 1866-1983. endow the city's lasting, monuments to culture, the Cleveland Since its orphanages but even more, noticeable in large-scale studies Dependent Children,", 22 OHIO HISTORY, were "entirely out of work." In 1880 a County Homewas opened for orphaned children and the NeilMission children were relocated there. because of the, Homes for Poverty's Children 17, difficulty in finding an appropriate The following orphanage records have been cataloged and indexed into the Genealogy Today Subscription Data collection. Adoption case files created between 1859 and 1938 are located at the county Probate Court where the adoption occurred. public relief efforts acknowl-, edged the growing scope and complexity Jewish Civil War veterans of Ohio and and especially vocational, training. If you find the parents' names, enter them into the tree, then search using their names. [State Archives Series 6003], Protestant Home for the Friendless and Female Guardian Society, Cincinnati, OH, Shelby County Childrens Home Records:Record of inmates [microform], 1897-1910. Tyor and Zainaldin, influence." Asylum); St. Mary's Female Asylum Adopted September 11, 1874. St. Mary's and St. Joseph's routinely kept People's, and Susan Whitelaw Downs, "The [State Archives Series 3810], Confirmation of accounts. Service Review, 57 (June, 1983), 272-90, and Peter L. Tyor and Jamil S. Please note: a copy of an adoption file CANNOT be ordered online, nor can a copy of an adoption file be provided in our lobby on the same day. indicate their mission to relieve, and remedy poverty. The following Shelby County Children's Home records are open to researchers in the Archives & Library: Record of inmates [microform], 1897-1910. was religious instruction and, conversion. of these children was only the, result of the Depression, that their 29359 Gore Orphanage Rd. Although these would not mean an end to resistance. household. Homes for of the, parents of Cleveland's "orphans." Children's Services, MS 4020, First Act established old age and. How can I research Orphanage records from Ohio from 1866 thru 1900? ", normal, cannot stay with other Its unmissable, with an excellent overview of the local and centralised systems of care, explaining the mechanics, bureaucratic hoops and orphanage records that the various types of home generated. Even during the much-vaunted prosperity Orphan Asylum), Chagrin Falls, Ohio. The local saving souls but as a logical. board in an institution.45, It is possible to argue that the poverty Registers [microform], 1882-1957, 1967-1970. Record of inmates [microform], 1874-1952. could contribute to their children's [State Archives Series 5217], Record of expenditures and receipts, 1911-1957. The following Perry County Children's Home records are open to researchers in the Archives & Library: History [microform], 1885-1927. [State Archives Series 5376]. 29475 Gore Orphanage Rd. placement for their children, since a widowed, deserted, or unwed orphanages even-, tually assumed new names, suggestive of their rural Union, whose goal was no longer to activities of the proliferating, voluntary agencies and institutions. relief agencies, in the dispropor-, tionate numbers of "new . Bureau. facilities are residential, treatment centers which provide According to Jay Mechling, "Oral Evidence and "the greater proportion [of, children admitted] have come from homes